The economic literature has extensively explored inter-linkages between population

dynamics and changes in our environment over the past three decades. The aim of

this study is to focus on the role of endogenous fertility behaviors as a key channel

linking population growth, economic development and environmental dynamics. First,

we review how economists have incorporated endogenous fertility decisions into growth

models with environmental dynamics to assess the effects of population growth on the

environment. Second, we present two different strands of the literature that investi-

gate how environmental changes may directly affect population dynamics, specifically

through i) its impact on households’ reproductive health and ii) fertility choices of

households, acting as an additional determinant beyond the usual ones.

JEL classification: J13, I10, 011, 013, Q56.15

Keywords: Endogenous fertility, Environment, Reproductive health, Population dynamics.